- Regulatory Status
- RUO
- Other Names
- Tumor Necrosis Factor α (TNF-α), Cachectin, Cytotoxic Factor (CF), Hemorrhagic Factor
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- publications
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Human PBMC (5,000 cells / well) were incubated for 22.5 hours in the presence of 100 ng/mL LPS. The yellow spots represent IL-6 (PE) secreted cells and red spot represent TNF-α (APC) secreted cells. The number of cells secreting Human TNF-α/IL-6 was analyzed by FluoroSpot and quantified using an image cytometer equipped with the required fluorescence filters.
| Cat # | Size | Price | Quantity Check Availability | Save | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 430230 | 5 plates | 952€ | ||||
Human TNF-α (Tumor Necrosis Factor α), also known as Cachectin, Cytotoxic Factor (CF), is a cytokine which has important roles in regulating a wide range of biological functions from immune activation, cellular differentiation, proliferation, apoptosis, and energy metabolism. TNF-α is expressed and secreted by macrophages, neutrophils, T-cells, NK cells, and various other cell types. TNF-α can bind to two receptors: TNFR1 and TNFR2. Signaling through TNFR1 is mostly pro-inflammatory, while TNFR2 signaling is mainly anti-inflammatory and proliferative. Because of its diverse functions, dysregulation or TNF-α expression and activity has been implicated in many diseases from autoimmune, cancer, to neurodegeneration.
Human IL-6 (Interleukin-6), also known as B-cell Stimulatory Factor 2 (BSF2), Interferon beta-2 (IFN-β-2), Hybridoma Growth Factor (HGF), is a cytokine, which is expressed by many different cell types such as macrophages, T-cells, osteoblasts, endothelial cells, and hepatocytes. It is involved in both pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory responses. In particular, IL-6 has critical roles in multiple different biological processes including but not limited to B-cell maturation, osteoclast formation, nerve cell differentiation, muscle healing and hypertrophy. Thus, abnormal level of expression and activity of IL-6 can result in a wide range of diseases from chronic inflammation, cancer, to neurodegenerative diseases.
BioLegend’s FluoroSpot MAX™ Deluxe Set contains pre-optimized essential reagents and buffers for the simultaneous detection of human TNF-α and IL-6 secreting cells. In this assay, anti-human TNF-α and IL-6 capture antibodies are coated on a clear-bottom microplate. Cells (stimulated or unstimulated) are added to the wells and incubated, allowing secreted TNF-α and/or IL-6 to bind to nearby capture antibodies. After incubation, cells are removed, and fluorescent conjugated detection antibodies are added. The resulting spots represent the "footprints" of individual TNF-α and IL-6-secreting cells, enabling precise quantification of both single cytokine-producing cells and dual cytokine-producing cells within the sample.
Kit Details
- Kit Contents
-
- Human TNF-α (2-plex) Capture Antibody (200X)
- Human IL-6 (2-plex) Capture Antibody (200X)
- APC Human TNF-α Detection Antibody (200X)
- PE Human IL-6 Detection Antibody (200X)
- Human TNF-α Standard (used as a positive control)
- Human IL-6 Standard (used as a positive control)
- Coating Buffer A (5X)
- Assay Diluent B (5X)
- Materials Not Included
-
- Flat Bottom High Bind Microplate: Corning® Clear Bottom Black Polystyrene Microplates, 96 Well (Catalog No. 3601) is recommended, or equivalent.
- Black Microplate Lid: Corning® Universal Black Microplate Lid with Corner Notch (Catalog No. 3935) is recommended, or equivalent
- Wash Buffer: BioLegend Cat. No. 421601 is recommended, or PBS + 0.05% Tween-20
- Plate Sealers: BioLegend Cat. No. 423601 is recommended
- 0.22 μm filters
- Sterile PBS (Phosphate-Buffered Saline): 8.0 g NaCl, 1.16 g Na2HPO4, 0.2 g KH2PO4, 0.2 g KCl, add deionized water to 1 L; pH to 7.4, 0.22 μm filtered
- Sterile cell culture media
- 37°C CO2 incubator
- Deionized (DI) water
- Adjustable pipettes to measure volumes ranging from 2 μL to 1 mL
- Wash bottle, manifold dispenser, or automated microplate washer
- Tubes for dilution
- Timer
- Alcohol Wipes
- Image cytometer or other imaging platform capable of whole-well imaging. The device should be equipped with the appropriate filters for the fluorophores utilized in each assay.
- Optional: Carboxyl Beads B4 (Cat. No. 740175 or equivalent)
Product Details
- Verified Reactivity
- Human
- Application
-
FluoroSpot
Antigen Details
- Cell Type
- B cells, Endothelial cells, Eosinophils, Macrophages, Mast cells, Neutrophils, Osteoblasts, T cells
- Biology Area
- Cancer Biomarkers, Immuno-Oncology, Immunology, Innate Immunity, Neurodegeneration, Signal Transduction
- Molecular Family
- Cytokines/Chemokines, Innate Immune Signaling
- Gene ID
- 7124 View all products for this Gene ID 3569 View all products for this Gene ID
- UniProt
- View information about TNF-alpha, IL-6 on UniProt.org
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